Do the education policy. ,
Kothari Education Commission's views on Education Institution 10+2+3 Answer Education System: Structure and Level The Kothari Commission has given revolutionary suggestions to bring about a radical change in the education system of the country. These suggestions will certainly be useful if the Government of India accepts them as they are. Considering the level of education, the commission has laid more emphasis on four things:
(1) Different angles of the pyramid of education and their relationship.
(2) The total time of education taking into account the different stages.
(3) Utilizing the facilities availed.
(4) Characteristics of teachers, curriculum, pedagogy, evaluation and building and resources. All these four things constitute the entire structure of education. The time and means of total education must be considered for the construction of the education structure. To build the intellectual level of the students, it is necessary to keep two things in mind at the school level.
(1) Increase of use means mobilization of resources,
(2) To develop qualities in the students.
1. New Education Structure The Education Commission has given place to such a new structure in the education system to make the required reforms in education, the new education structure should be in this way
(1) One to three years of pre-school education.
(2) 10 years of general education including 7 to 8 years of primary education. It can be divided into two parts. Lower primary at 4 or 5 years and higher primary at 2 or 3 years. After this, 3 or 2 years of general education or 1 to 3 years of vocational education should be given at the lower secondary level.
(3) In the higher education stage, two years of general education or one to three years of vocational education should be provided. Its percentage should be made 50.
(4) The time of higher education for the first degree should be 3 years or more. It should have various courses which are helpful in second degree and research.
(5) The age of the child at the time of taking admission in the school should not be less than 6 years.
(6) Public Examination should be held after 10 years of education.
(7) There should be more general education in class IX and specialization should be encouraged in class X.
(8) There should be two types of secondary schools
(i) Ten years' teaching.
(ii) 11 or 12 years of teaching
(9) Every high school should make an effort to convert a higher secondary school. In these, care should be taken that the level of big learning should be raised high. This progress should be 25 percent of the existing schools, should not hesitate. Will bring down the standard of higher secondary schools which are not functioning as expected
(10) New syllabus should be introduced in class X of Higher Secondary. Specialization of various courses should be arranged in class ) and XII. The class will remain in the position of Transitional Time. In schools where the system of integrated curriculum is in IX, X, XI classes, special arrangements will have to be made till the opening of class XII.
2. Transfer of Pre-University Courses In view of this form of education, one has to think that what will happen to the pre-university curriculum? The recommendations of the commission in this regard are as follows:
(1) The Pre-University course should be the curriculum of the University and Colleges removed from 1975-76. be placed in secondary schools. 2 years of higher education in any case from 1985-86
(2) The University Grant Commission (U.G.C.) should take the responsibility of removing pre-university courses from universities and colleges and merging them with schools.
(3) Simultaneously, higher secondary classes should be started in the selected school by the education departments of the state. These are in the form of self-contained unit and they should be given recurring grant as per law. should be reorganized for
(4) To discharge the responsibility of Higher Secondary Education to the Secondary Education Board.
(5) The facilities availed in the Fourth Plan should be properly utilized. In this, these experiments should be done in selected schools as pilot schemes. ,
(6) This time should normally be implemented in the Fifth Five Year Plan and it should be finalized in the Seventh Five Year Plan.
3. Reorganization at the University Level The Commission has presented these suggestions for the reorganization of education at the University level.
(1) It should not take more than 3 years for the first degree in the University.
(2) A gap of 2 or 3 years is sufficient to obtain a second degree. Must walk
(3) Some universities may be called for 3-year graduate school, master's degree courses.
(4) There should be a special course of 3 years for the first degree. At this time three-year courses should be started in some special subjects in the universities.
(5) There should be a proper balance between new and old courses.
(6) Students who take 3 year course should be attracted by giving scholarship etc.
(7) The three year degree course in Uttar Pradesh should be from the establishment of three year graduate schools. These schools should be in some special universities in some special subjects. In other colleges, this three-year course can be implemented in 15-20 years. 4. Utilization of facilities Where there is a question of the use of physical facilities, if they are used fully, there will undoubtedly be a change in the formation and level of education.
The recommendations of the commission for this are as follows:
(1) Emphasis should be given to use the existing facilities in the plans in an intensive manner.
(2) The number of days of study should be kept in this way - School - 39 weeks, Pre-primary - 36 weeks, College - 38 weeks.
(3) State Government and U.G.C. to the Ministry of Education. Together with this, a calendar should be made for the holidays. The loss of study days due to examinations or other reasons should not exceed 21 days and 26 days (in schools and colleges respectively). ,
(4) The full use of the holiday should be with the students. This use can be done by participating in studies, going to social service camps, studying production experiences, literacy campaigns etc.
(5) The number of working days in schools may be increased. Self-study should be emphasized in colleges.
(6) Full emphasis should be given on the use of facilities available in educational institutions, such as library, laboratory, workshop, handicraft-sheds etc.
5. Dynamic and Developing Levels The Commission's view in today's situation is - Overall the situation is a combined picture of light and darkness, in which rise and fall, improvement in some areas and fall of levels in others, all this is seen together. Is . Therefore, the suggestions proposed by the commission are as follows:
(1) At all levels of education, efforts should be made to raise the level in a concerted manner. There should be qualitative development in the child in the first 10 years of school, so that the possibility of wastage in education at this stage is less. After passing class X, these efforts should be made only in secondary and higher education.
(2) At the end of primary and secondary classes, a machinery should be constructed at the state and national level which can define, revise and evaluate the national level.
(3) There is a need for proper co-ordination and co-ordination to raise the level. This affiliation should be at different levels of education, it should end in the isolation from which educational institutions suffer. From this point of view the idea of commission is
(i) Universities and colleges should contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of the schools by various means.
(ii) School complexes should be created. These associations should be such that a secondary school can influence the nearby primary schools, thus all the schools will form a group for development. Before building these Sangams, let us think that there are 26000 second schools in India out of which 14000 are in rural areas. Similarly there are about 6500 Imri and 3,60,000 lower primary schools in the village areas. Thus there are 26 prime and 1 secondary school within the radius of this mile. Facilities in primary schools are negligible. Therefore, the headmaster of the secondary school should do the work of extension service.
6. Part Time Education Today our education is divided into three main tables
(1) Pre-school education, in which there is no formal education.
(2) School education, in which education takes place, not work.
(3) Education after school, which consists of work, not education. That is why we probably forget that the aim of education cannot be achieved throughout life. This is a lifelong process. Therefore, education, as it is received, should be given importance like full-time education.
7. Uniformity Therefore, different levels and forms of education are prevalent in India today. The Commission is of the view that without uniformity in education, the desired development cannot take place. There should be uniformity at different levels and sub-levels of education.
