What is meant by a special child? How would you identify such children? What is meant by Exceptional children ? How will you identify them ? Or classify the special children. How are they different from normal children? Classify Exceptional Children . How do they differ from norma Children ?
Meaning of Exceptional Children In schools, students cannot be said to be equal in terms of all aspects of personality. Every student is different from each other. Students can be divided into two categories- Normal and Exceptional. Distinguished students are those who are very different from other average or normal children of their age in terms of their abilities, abilities, personality and behavioral characteristics. Such students have their own uniqueness in comparison to other students, due to which they are counted in high grade or low grade students. Such students are either very backward or far ahead in mental, physical, emotional and social terms. In both cases, it becomes difficult to adjust them. Therefore, for their adjustment and for the proper use of their powers, they require special education.
Backward children, mentally retarded children in special students
, Delinquents ,
Gifted children etc. are included.
In fact, the term specific child is a broad term (Umbrella-like term) under which many groups of children with different types of abnormalities are included. Different scholars have defined specific children in their own way.
Some of the main definitions are as follows
Crookshank - "A special child is one who is intellectually, physically, socially or emotionally so different from normal growth and development that he cannot take full advantage of the regular school program and seeks a specialized classroom or supplemental education and service." Is .
Dunn - Specialized children are those who are so different from the normal in physical or psychological characteristics that the school program designed for the majority of children does not provide them with opportunities for all-round adjustment and optimal development and therefore in their [situations] special supportive services or both want to "In order to achieve achievement according to the qualifications, they should do special education or
Crick - "A special child is one who is so different from the normal or average child in mental, physical and social characteristics that he seeks modifications in school systems or special services or supplementary education so that he can develop to his maximum potential".
"Crow. and Crow.-" a specific type or specific word applied to a person possessing such qualities or that quality, due to which the person attracts the attention of his companions.
"Identification of Exceptional Children"
Different methods have to be used to identify different types of special children in the class. Each specific student has its own unique characteristics. They can be identified by taking them as basis or criteria.
1. Identification of Backward Children - Group Test - If backwardness is to be detected in the class, then all children should be given group test. The IQ (I.Q.) of students in the classroom can be seen by giving tests of intelligence in group tests. Achievement Test - Specially designed objective type tests should be given to know the achievement of students in the field of education. On the basis of their results, backwardness will be known. Individual Intelligence Test - Individual tests related to intelligence should also be given to the selected children on the basis of group test. This can also give an idea of their intelligence level. Similarly, mentally backward or retarded students can also be identified.
2. Identification of Mentally Retarded Children - In addition to intelligence tests and achievement tests for their identification, their characteristics can be identified as a criterion.
These features are as follows
(1) They lack Abstract Thinking.
(2) The pace of learning is slow in them.
(3) Their interests are limited.
(4) They lack originality. ,
6) They also lag behind in physical development.
(6) Contains faulty terminology.
(7) are emotionally unstable.
(8) Incapable of making generalisations.
(9) There is an inclination towards immorality and crime.
(10) There is a short-attention span.
3. Identification of Child Offenders(Identification of Dilinquents)- It is very important to know their characteristics even for the identification of child offenders. Following are their characteristics
(1) The behavior of a juvenile delinquent is always acquired or learner.
(2) Such children do not care at all about social principles and ideals.
(3) The child delinquent is not some abnormal student, but his desires, hopes or needs and feelings are suppressed, which is necessary to understand.
(4) Child crimes are usually of theft, harassing, cigarette smoking, loafing, lying, assault, running away from school, committing sex crimes, etc.
4. Identification of Gifted Children- The following methods can be used for identification of gifted children.
(1) Intelligence Tests
(2) Achievement Tests
(3) Aptitude Tests
(4) Information from the concerned persons (Information from Teachers, Parents and Friends) In addition to these methods, they can be selected or identified by considering the characteristics of talented children.
These features are as follows
(1) These students learn easily.
(2) Their thinking is clear.
(3) Use more common sense.
(4) Instead of rote, believe in understanding.
(5) Do difficult tasks easily.
(6) They have original thinking.
